> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.chainstack.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
# debug_traceBlockByNumber | Robinhood
> Robinhood Chain API method that traces the execution of all transactions in a block identified by its number. Chainstack Robinhood Chain reference.
Robinhood Chain API method that traces the execution of all transactions in a block identified by its number. This method provides detailed traces for every transaction and call in the block, including gas usage and internal call information.
Learn how to [deploy a node](/docs/debug-and-trace-apis#robinhood) with the debug and trace API methods enabled.
This method is available for post-Nitro blocks only (block 22,207,815 and later). For pre-Nitro blocks, use `arbtrace_block` instead.
## Parameters
* `quantity or tag` — the block number in hex format or block tag:
* `latest` — the most recent block.
* `safe` — the block that received justification from the beacon chain.
* `finalized` — the block accepted as canonical by more than 2/3 of validators.
* `earliest` — the earliest available or genesis block.
* `pending` — the pending state and transactions block.
* `tracer` — an object identifying the type of tracer and its configuration:
* `4byteTracer` — tracer that captures the function signatures and call data sizes for all functions executed during a transaction.
* `callTracer` — tracer that captures information on all call frames executed during a transaction.
* `prestateTracer` — tracer with two modes: `prestate` and `diff`, returning account states needed to execute transactions.
## Response types
### `4byteTracer` response
* `object` — the `4byteTracer` traces object:
* `result` — a map of the function signature, the call data size, and how many times the function was called.
### `callTracer` response
* `object` — the `callTracer` traces object:
* `from` — the address of the sender who initiated the transaction.
* `gas` — the units of gas included in the transaction by the sender.
* `gasUsed` — the total used gas by the call, encoded as hexadecimal.
* `to` — the address of the recipient of the transaction if it was a transaction to an address. For contract creation transactions, this field is `null`.
* `input` — the optional input data sent with the transaction.
* `output` — the return value of the call, encoded as a hexadecimal string.
* `error` — an error message in case the execution failed.
* `revertReason` — the reason why the transaction was reverted, returned by the smart contract if any.
* `calls` — a list of sub-calls made by the contract during the call, each represented as a nested call frame object.
### `prestateTracer` response
* `object` — the `prestateTracer` traces object:
* `smart contract address` — the address of the smart contract associated with the result.
* `balance` — the balance of the contract, expressed in Wei and encoded as a hexadecimal string.
* `code` — the bytecode of the contract, encoded as a hexadecimal string.
* `nonce` — the nonce of the account associated with the contract, represented as an unsigned integer.
* `storage` — a map of key-value pairs representing the storage slots of the contract.
## `debug_traceBlockByNumber` code examples
```javascript ethers.js theme={"system"}
const ethers = require('ethers');
const NODE_URL = "YOUR_CHAINSTACK_ENDPOINT";
const provider = new ethers.JsonRpcProvider(NODE_URL);
const traceBlockByNumber = async (block) => {
const tracer = { tracer: "callTracer" };
const traces = await provider.send("debug_traceBlockByNumber", [block, tracer]);
console.log(traces);
};
traceBlockByNumber("latest");
```
```python web3.py theme={"system"}
from web3 import Web3
node_url = "YOUR_CHAINSTACK_ENDPOINT"
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider(node_url))
block = "latest"
tracer = {"tracer": "callTracer"}
block_traces = web3.provider.make_request('debug_traceBlockByNumber', [block, tracer])
print(block_traces)
```
## Use case
The `debug_traceBlockByNumber` method is useful for analyzing all transactions in a block by number. Developers can use it to calculate average gas usage across transactions, monitor smart contract activity patterns, or build block-level analytics dashboards.
## `debug_traceBlockByNumber` code examples
```javascript ethers.js theme={"system"}
const { JsonRpcProvider } = require("ethers");
const provider = new JsonRpcProvider("CHAINSTACK_NODE_URL");
async function call() {
const result = await provider.send("debug_traceBlockByNumber", ["0xc3007d", {"tracer": "callTracer"}]);
console.log(result);
}
call();
```
```python web3.py theme={"system"}
from web3 import Web3
node_url = "CHAINSTACK_NODE_URL"
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider(node_url))
result = web3.provider.make_request("debug_traceBlockByNumber", ["0xc3007d", {"tracer": "callTracer"}])
print(result)
```
```shell cURL theme={"system"}
curl -X POST "CHAINSTACK_NODE_URL" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
--data '{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "debug_traceBlockByNumber",
"params": ["0xc3007d", {"tracer": "callTracer"}],
"id": 1
}'
```
## OpenAPI
````yaml openapi/robinhood_node_api/debug_and_trace/debug_traceBlockByNumber.json POST /
openapi: 3.0.0
info:
title: Chainstack Node API
version: 1.0.0
description: This is an API for interacting with a Chainstack node.
servers:
- url: >-
https://robinhood-mainnet.core.chainstack.com/23cf4479b299ab4835d76c05c468ca6e
security: []
paths:
/:
post:
tags:
- upload
summary: debug_traceBlockByNumber
operationId: debug_traceBlockByNumber
requestBody:
required: true
content:
application/json:
schema:
type: object
properties:
id:
type: integer
default: 1
jsonrpc:
type: string
default: '2.0'
method:
type: string
default: debug_traceBlockByNumber
params:
type: array
items:
anyOf:
- type: string
title: Block Number
description: >-
Block number in hex format or tag (latest, earliest,
pending, safe, finalized).
- type: object
title: Tracer type
properties:
tracer:
type: string
description: The type of tracer.
default:
- '0xc3007d'
- tracer: callTracer
responses:
'200':
description: The block traces.
content:
application/json:
schema:
type: object
properties:
jsonrpc:
type: string
id:
type: integer
result:
type: object
````